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Commissioning of the ATLAS pixel detector optical data transmission and studies for readout of the ATLAS IBL and future trackers / vorgelegt von Jens Dopke. 2011
Inhalt
1 Introduction
2 Physics at the LHC
2.1 Standard Model of Particle Physics
2.1.1 Matter in the Standard Model
2.1.2 Interactions in the Standard Model
2.2 The Particle Physics Frontier
2.2.1 Process Cross-section
2.2.2 Luminosity
2.2.3 Conclusion
3 Experimental Setup and Boundaries
3.1 The Large Hadron Collider
3.1.1 Experimental Installations
3.1.2 The LHC Luminosity Upgrades
3.2 ATLAS
3.2.1 Inner detector
3.2.2 Calorimeter system
3.2.3 Muon system
3.2.4 Magnet system
3.2.5 Trigger and Data Acquisition System
4 ATLAS Pixel Detector
4.1 System Overview
4.2 The Pixel Detector Module
4.2.1 The Pixel Sensor
4.2.2 Pixel frontend cell electronics
4.2.3 Frontend
4.2.4 Module Controller Chip
4.3 Optical Semiconductor Devices
4.3.1 PiN Diodes
4.3.2 Lasers
4.3.3 Semiconductor Lifetimes
4.4 Optical Readout Links
4.4.1 Timing, Trigger and Command
4.4.2 Data Link
4.5 Readout System Backend
4.5.1 The Back of Crate Card
4.5.2 The Pixel Readout Driver
4.5.3 The TTC Interface Module
4.6 Control
4.6.1 Finite State Machine
4.6.2 DAQ-DCS communication
5 Optolink Calibration and Performance
5.1 Calibration Mechanisms
5.1.1 Connectivity Scans
5.1.2 Data Link Scans
5.1.3 TTC Link Scans
5.2 Tuning of the Optical Data Links
5.3 Commissioning and Performance
5.3.1 Connectivity Test 2007
5.3.2 Installation and Early Testing
5.3.3 System Tuning
5.3.4 Performance
5.4 Conclusion
6 Insertable B-Layer
6.1 Experimental Setup
6.1.1 Frontend Electronics
6.1.2 Optoboards
6.2 Readout System
6.2.1 IBL BOC
6.2.2 IBL ROD
6.3 Conclusion
7 Future Readout
7.1 Speed Requirements in Transmission Systems
7.1.1 Pileup contribution
7.1.2 Geometry Dependence
7.1.3 Parasitics within data transmission/Reducing data
7.1.4 Higher Level Transmission
7.1.5 Stability requirements
7.2 Gigabit Transceiver
7.2.1 GBTx
7.2.2 Versatile Link Project
7.2.3 Wireless transmission
7.2.4 Market Comparison
7.3 Advanced Trigger Systems
7.3.1 Level 1.5 Trigger System
7.3.2 Level 0 Trigger System
7.3.3 Level 1 Track Trigger
7.4 Advanced Readout Systems
7.4.1 Serial Protocol Systems
7.4.2 System Monitoring
7.5 Conclusion
8 Concluding Remarks
9 Acknowledgements
A Recent Developments
A.1 Machine Schedule and Effects
A.2 Pixel TX deaths and recent results
A.3 The IBL Readout System
B Technical Issues and Solutions
B.1 TOT calibration
B.2 Crosstalk Scans
B.3 Slow Turn-On Scans
B.4 VME readout bandwidth
B.5 Optolink Tuning Problems
List of Tables
List of Figures
Bibliography