Search for ultra-high-energy photons with the Pierre Auger Observatory / vorgelegt von Philipp Papenbreer. Wuppertal, 2.10.2020
Inhalt
- Abstract
- Zusammenfassung
- List of Abbreviations
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- Introduction
- Cosmic Rays
- Introduction
- Sources
- Propagation at the Highest Energies
- Air Showers
- Photon Primary Air Showers
- Current Upper Limits on the Photon Flux
- Air Shower Simulation
- The Pierre Auger Observatory
- The Fluorescence Detector
- The Surface Detector
- Surface Detector Stations
- Calibration of the Surface Detector
- Surface Detector Triggers
- Aperture and Exposure of the Surface Detector
- Air Shower Reconstruction
- The Offline Framework
- Photon-Hadron Separation
- Trigger Improvements
- Current Trigger Performance
- Trigger Improvement Goals
- Efficiency Simulation
- Purity Simulation
- Afterpeak Feature
- Physical Processes and Detector Geometry
- Photoelectron Traces and Random Fluctuations
- Results of the Afterpeak Study
- Parameter Space Studies
- Optimization Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo
- Outlook
- Improvement of the PMT Signal Quality
- Event Pathologies
- Filtering Procedures
- Performance of the Identification Procedures
- Performance of the Afterpulse Filter
- Performance of the Oscillation Filter
- Performance of the Large Decay Time Filter
- Summary of the Filtering Results and Expected Effects on Photon Analyses
- Implementation in the Offline Framework
- Search for Ultra-High-Energy Photons
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
- Photon Simulations
- Data Set and Reconstruction
- Preparation of Shower Dependent Photon Variables
- Choice of a Photon Benchmark
- Implementation in the Offline Framework
- Photon Energy Reconstruction
- Linear Transformation of the Photon Variables
- Multivariate Photon Search
- PCA Determination
- Position of the Candidate Cut
- PCA Results
- Candidate Discussion
- Photon Candidate Events
- Tests of the Primary Nature of the Candidate Events
- Arrival Directions of the Candidate Events
- Efficiency Calculation
- Trigger and Reconstruction Efficiency
- Parameter Selection Efficiency
- Candidate Cut Efficiency
- Total Efficiency
- Limit on the Diffuse Photon Flux and Fraction
- Summary and Outlook
- Appendix CORSIKA Simulation Settings
- Appendix Offline ModuleSequences
- Appendix Additional Plots
- Acknowledgment