This thesis examines the influence of family dynamics on labor-market outcomes, with a focus on gender disparities in wages, labor-market experience, and labor-supply elasticities. Building on Claudia Goldin's work, it highlights the importance of family in understanding women's labor-market patterns and the persistent gender wage gap. The first chapter (joint work with Christian Bredemeier and Falko Jüßen) develops a novel approach to decompose the gender wage gap by including partner characteristics, showing that family-driven career prioritization can significantly affect wage trajectories. The second chapter analyzes East-West German differences in womens labor-market experience, with results underlining the role of child care for regional variations in career interruptions and wage gaps. The third chapter (joint work with Christian Bredemeier and Falko Jüßen) investigates labor-supply elasticities, confirming that women's market labor is more elastic due to their greater share of unpaid housework, with implications for optimal taxation policies. Overall, the thesis emphasizes the need to account for family dynamics in labor-market analysis and provides insights for policies aiming to boost female labor supply and reduce wage inequality.