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Detector performance and upgrades of the Pierre Auger Observatory / vorgelegt von Sven Querchfeld. Wuppertal, 2023
Inhalt
Abstract
Contents
Introduction
Cosmic Rays
Energy Spectrum
Detection
Extensive Air Showers
Measurement Techniques
Mass Composition
The Pierre Auger Observatory
Surface Detector
Calibration
Trigger
Reconstruction
Fluorescence Telescope
Calibration
Trigger
Reconstruction
Further Enhancements
Upgrade
Offline Framework
Fluorescence Detector Upgrade
Motivation
PMT Candidates
Quantum Efficiency Measurement
Uniformity Measurement
Linearity
Afterpulsing
Modifications for FD Implementation
Winston Cone
Design
Simulations
Manufacturing
Efficiency Measurements
Telescope Performance
Prototype Installation
Calibration Tests
Long-term Performance
Conclusion & Future Prospects
Surface Detector Upgrade
Design
SSD PMT
PMT Candidates
Quantum Efficiency
Uniformity
Linearity
Conclusion
PMT Application in the SSD
UUB Integration
Photomultiplier Base
PMT Temperature Sensitivity
Photomultiplier Quality Test
SSD Engineering Array
Layout/setup
Station Monitoring
Baseline
Calibration Histograms
First Events
Conclusion & Future Prospects
Dynode Decoupling
Summary
Appendices
FD Upgrade
PMT Datasheets
Photonis XP3062
Hamamatsu R9420-100
Hamamatsu R11920-100
Winston Cone Design
Gain Classes of the R9420-100
Correction Factor for Calibration A Comparison
Calibration B & C
Calibration B
Calibration C
SSD
Single Photon Measurement
SSD Linearity Measurement
ISEG Base Modifications
PMT Base Temperature Test
SSD EA PMT Test Results
SSD Afterpulse
SSD PMT Oscilloscope Noise Measurement
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
Declaration