Content

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   List of Figures
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   List of Tables
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   List of Abbreviations
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   Declaration
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   Acknowledgements
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   Publications
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   Contribution of Others
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   Abstract
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   Zusammenfassung
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   Introduction
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   Active Terahertz Imaging
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   Passive Terahertz Imaging
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  This Dissertation
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   Primary Research Questions
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   Original Contributions
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   Structure
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  Fundamentals of Passive Imaging
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   Planck's Law
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   The View Factor
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  Important View Factor Rules
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   Reciprocity
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   Summation Rule in Enclosures
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   Plane and Convex Surfaces
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   CW Signal Detection with THz Direct Detectors
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   Passive Signal Detection with THz Direct Detectors
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   CW Signal Detection with THz Direct Detectors and LNA Pre-amplification
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   Passive Signal Detection with THz Direct Detectors and LNA Pre-amplification
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   Derived Design Objectives
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   Summary and Conclusion
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   Modeling and Design of Broadband SiGe HBT THz Direct Detectors
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   Direct Detection Fundamentals
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   The Differential Common-Base Detector Circuit
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   SiGe HBT Noise
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   Optimum Detector Bias and Readout Scheme
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   Voltage vs. Current Biasing Scheme
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   Voltage vs. Current Readout Scheme
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   Broadband Modeling of THz Direct Detectors
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   Detector Model for the Forward-Active Region
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  Simplified Detector Models
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   Model I: G_m, C_be
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   Model II: G_m, C_be, R_e
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   Model III: G_m, C_be, R_b
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   Model IV: G_m, C_be,C_bc, R_b, R_e, R_c
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   Detector Thermal and Shot Noise
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   Detector Model for the Saturation Region
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   Antenna-Detector Power Coupling
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   Device in Saturation
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  Optimum Device Size
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   Responsivity and NEP vs. Device Size
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   Antenna Design Space vs. Device Size
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   Technology Comparison
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   Major Technology Modifications
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   Detector Sensitivity
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   Antenna Implementations
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   Single-Polarized Antenna A_1
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   Dual-Polarized Antenna A_2
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   Dual-Polarized Antenna A_3
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   Antenna Radiation Efficiency and Impedance Profile
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   Summary and Conclusion
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   Detector Characterization and Measurements
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   CW Measurement Setup
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   Noise Measurements
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   Responsivity and NEP vs. Device Bias
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   Responsivity and NEP vs. Frequency
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   Device Size Dependency
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   Technology Dependency
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   Detector Performance Summary
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   Contribution to the State-of-the-Art
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   Broadband Black Body Characterization Setup
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   Uniform Detector Illumination and Optimum Lens Size
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   Thermal Responsivity and Optimum Bias Point
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   NETD
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   Passive Images
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   Summary and Conclusion
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   Broadband Low Noise Amplifier Design and Measurements
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   Amplifier Topology
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  EM Core Analysis
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   GND Path
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   Mixed Mode Analysis
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   Cascode Interconnections
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   Simulated Results
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   Broadband Device Matching
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   The Bode-Fano Criterion: Theoretical Bandwidth Limitations
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   Transformer based Matching
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   Input Matching Transformer
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   Interstage Matching Transformer
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   Output Matching Transformer
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  5-stage LNA Simulation Results
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   Aggregate Gain and NF Curves
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   Common Mode Suppression
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   Implemented LNA and Balun
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   Breakout Measurements
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   Small-Signal Measurements
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   Noise Figure Measurements
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   Large-Signal Measurements
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   Variable LNA Gain
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  Conclusion and State-of-the-Art Comparison
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   Comparison to the State-of-the-Art
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   Radiometer Design and Measurements
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   Radiometer Implementation
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   Dual-Polarized Antenna
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   Input Matching Network
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   LNA Detector Matching
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   CW Measurement Setup
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   Noise Measurements
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   CW Measurement Results
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  NETD Characterization
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   Measurement Challenges
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   Broadband Black Body Characterization
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   Real-Time Passive Imaging
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   Summary, Conclusion and State-of-the-Art
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  Conclusions and Outlook
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   Conclusion
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   Outlook
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   Bibliography