New strategic planning guidelines for urban medium-voltage grids / by Shawki Alsayed Ali. Berlin : epubli, 2023
Inhalt
- Abstract
- Table of Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Challenges of the Energy Transition in the Grids
- 1.2 Related Work and State of the Art
- 1.3 Objective and Structure of the Work
- 2 Elements of the Energy Transition in the Grids
- 2.1 Fundamentals of Electric Vehicles
- 2.1.1 General Framework Conditions of Electric Vehicles
- 2.1.2 Development Scenarios for Electric Vehicles
- 2.2 Fundamentals of Heat Pumps
- 2.3 Fundamentals of Photovoltaic Systems
- 2.3.1 General Framework Conditions of Photovoltaic Systems
- 2.3.2 Development Scenarios for Photovoltaic Systems
- 2.4 Further Elements of the Energy Transition
- 3 Methodology of the Strategic Grid Planning
- 3.1 Concept of the Medium-Voltage Grids
- 3.2 General Planning Assumptions
- 3.3 Modelling of the Conventional Loads
- 3.4 Modelling of the Electric Vehicle Load
- 3.4.1 Scaling Down and Distribution of Electric Vehicles
- 3.4.2 Power Assumptions and Demand Factor Calculation for Electric Vehicles
- 3.5 Modelling of the Heat Pump Load
- 3.5.1 Scaling Down and Distribution of Heat Pumps
- 3.5.2 Power Assumptions and Demand Factor Calculation for Heat Pumps
- 3.6 Modelling of the Photovoltaic Systems
- 3.6.1 Scaling Down and Distribution of Photovoltaic Systems
- 3.6.2 Power Assumptions and Demand Factor Calculation for Photovoltaic Systems
- 3.7 Identification of the Grid Limits
- 3.8 Conventional Planning Measures
- 3.8.1 Line Measures
- 3.8.2 Primary Substation Transformer Measures
- 3.8.3 Transformer Voltage Regulation Measure
- 3.9 Innovative Planning Technologies
- 3.10 Assessment of the Planning Alternatives
- 4 Application of the Strategic Grid Planning
- 4.1 Analysis of Urban Medium-Voltage Grid Structures
- 4.1.1 Characteristics of Urban Medium-Voltage Grids
- 4.1.2 Clustering of Urban Medium-Voltage Grids
- 4.1.3 Selection of Representative Urban Medium-Voltage Grids
- 4.2 Analysis of the Impact of the Elements of the Energy Transition on Urban Medium-Voltage Grids
- 4.3 Planning Example of an Inner-city Grid
- 4.4 Planning Example of a City Grid
- 4.5 Planning Example of a Suburban Grid
- 4.6 Findings of the Three Planning Examples
- 4.7 Assessment of the Planning Alternatives
- 5 Deduction of the Planning Guidelines for Urban Medium-Voltage Grids
- 5.1 Planning Guidelines for Urban Medium-Voltage Grids
- 5.1.1 1st Planning Guideline: Determination of load assumptions
- 5.1.2 2nd Planning Guideline: Standardisation of line cross-section area
- 5.1.3 3rd Planning Guideline: Standardisation of primary substation transformer capacity
- 5.1.4 4th Planning Guideline: Usability of load management
- 5.1.5 5th Planning Guideline: Expected line reinforcement for different urban areas
- 5.1.6 6th Planning Guideline: Review of the assigned voltage range
- 5.1.7 7th Planning Guideline: 20 kV vs. 10 kV grids
- 5.2 Decision Path for Medium-Voltage Grid Planning
- 5.3 Cross Voltage Level Planning Guidelines
- 5.3.1 1st Cross Voltage Planning Guideline: Importance of cross voltage planning
- 5.3.2 2nd Cross Voltage Planning Guideline: Prioritisation of equipment overloads
- 5.3.3 3rd Cross Voltage Planning Guideline: Consideration of innovative technologies
- 5.4 Sensitivity Analysis of the Planning Guidelines
- 5.4.1 Consideration of Charging Hubs
- 5.4.2 Consideration of the Results of the Alternative Assessment Model
- 5.5 Critical Discussion of the Methodology and the Results
- 6 Conclusion and Outlook
- 7 Indices
- 8 Appendix
- 8.1 Model Limitations
- 8.2 Cost Assumptions
- 8.3 Grid Parameters
- 8.4 Assumptions of the Scaling Down Process
- 8.5 Applied Rate of Failure of Equipment
- Publications
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